DrAlphaeus wrote:When people say that moderates should be stepping up and combatting the extremists... doesn't being a moderate imply they will never be as inclined to all-out war as an extremist? Wouldn't a moderate by definition be more inclined for a diplomatic and political solution vs a military one?
The problem is western intervention has helped to completely destabilise the entire region, leaving very few credible, functioning countries let alone moderate ones.
Another problem is while ISIS, Al Qaeda etc terrorist attacks abroad have their roots in foreign policy, the actual wars and upheaval in the middle east is rooted in civil war- namely the divide between Sunni Muslims (80-90% of Muslims) and Shi'ite Muslims. This has created the perfect lawless, war torn environment for ISIS to assert itself.
At the moment the divide is largely:
Sunni dominated countries:
Saudi Arabia (where ISIS gets a large chunk of it's funding from)
Egypt (recently had a democratic revolution, which was overthrown and replaced by a military dictator ship that is struggling to contain civil war and terrorist attacks and is suffering huge economic problems)
Turkey
Syria (Civil war)
Libya (civil war- essentially a non-functioning country)
Shia:
Iran (won't work with Saudi Arabia)
Iraq (Civil war, whilst Sunni's are the minority, Saddam was a Sunni and so they dominated/oppressed the majority Shi'ites which is why there was a large backlash and civil war once he was toppled)
Lebanon (was pretty much destroyed a few years ago and at risk of slipping into civil war
ISIS are Sunni extremists and usually kill any Shi'ites they capture. The problem is the divide stops those other countries from working together to combat ISIS- indeed, it leads to those countries actively helping the sides that align with them in the various civil wars. It also stops most of the rebels and people who are anti-ISIS (very few people actually like them) from working together.
George Bush etc plan was to replace anti-western dictators in the region with pro-western democratic governments who would pursue free market policies (it wasn't out of benevolence or purely ideological- there were people who saw this as a money making opportunity), and would help clamp down on terrorists.
However, oblivious to the ongoing secular tensions, what happened was they destroyed all governing apparatus when they ousted the dictators, and stoked up internal conflict in those countries they were not prepared to invade in the hope those rebels would do their work for them. This unleashed the centuries old conflicts (which had been kept in check by oppressive regimes). The result is the mess you see today, which actually is allowing terrorists to thrive because the countries they are based in are not really viable, working countries.
Honestly, I think if they could wave a magic wand, Bush etc would love to go back to the Middle East being dominated by stable dictators- Gaddafi, Saddam, Assad, etc. You can see this about-turn in the policy towards Egypt- at first welcoming the democratic revolution, now backing the dictator who took over. Dictators= stability and someone you can try to do business with.
That's why I've always found it a joke when they claim terrorists have a hatred of democracy- the west has always been willing to do business with whomever most allies with their interests- whether they are democratic or not (See Saudi Arabia). Indeed they'd rather support a dictator who was pro-west than a democracy that was anti (see Egypt). There are perfectly practical justifications for that, but at least be honest about it!